Path: Human division/URIVAC/Frequent questions
Frequent questions
Why are urinary tract infections more frequent in women?
Women have a shorter urethra. The orifice is closer to the anus compared to men. For infectious bacteria it is easier to achieve urinary bladder, where they propagate and cause additional inflammation.
Is the urinary tract infection contagious?
Some bacteria causing urinary tract infections could be transferred by sexual intercourse. Most frequently it is chlamydia. More frequently it is however (today less common) the infection caused by gonorrhoea. It is necessary to consider also the partners during the treatment of these infections. Usage of antibiotics and exposure to infection cannot result in complete cure.
What is the treatment of urinary infection in pregnancy?
It is necessary to treat also asymptomatic infections in pregnant women. 20 to 40 % of pregnant women during pregnancy or after could develop mild but also to severe inflammation of the kidneys. If increased quantity of bacteria in urine is observed, it is necessary to initiate antibiotics regardless of general symptoms.
Could antibiotics impair the fertility of the woman?
There is very wide range of antibiotics. Their choice depends on the type of infection, sensitivity of bacteria and condition of the patient. Some antibiotics are very effective against infection; they could however impair the correct function of the liver or kidney. Some antibiotics are contraindicated (i.e. forbidden) in pregnant women and children. It is however possible to use many of these antibiotics in pregnancy without any concerns.
Is blood in urine a normal symptom of urinary infection?
Blood in urine could actually be present in urine in some urinary tract infections. It may not be visible by bare eye and it may only be detected by a microscopic examination of urine. If there is more blood, there is mild red colour of urine present. Clear fresh blood in urine is not usual in case of urinary infection. Any occurrence of blood in urine must be investigated by a doctor. This is because it could be a sign of another serious disease, which requires totally different therapeutic approach.
Could urinary tract infection be dangerous?
The danger of urinary tract infection is based mainly on the spread from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. Kidney is a vital organ. Any serious affection is a life threatening condition. Warning signs of infectious disorder of the kidney include mainly pain in the lumbar area and high temperature. If these symptoms occur, it is necessary to seek medical advice as soon as possible.
Why is urinary tract infection more dangerous in patients with diabetes?
High level of blood sugar could result in its excretion to urine. Sweet environment is ideal for growth and propagation of bacteria. Infection is therefore more frequent and it has a more serious course. The kidneys of the patients with diabetes could also be impaired by diabetes itself. The risk of urinary infection transfer to kidneys therefore causes doubled risk to their function.
